设定编译模式： 目前的 Kernel 可以允许多种编译的模式，包括了： make config ：这种模式需要逐行输入所需要设定的项目，无法往前修改设定，所以目前很少使用这种方式来设定 Kernel 的项目了； make xconfig ：这种模式则是使用 X-Window 为主要环境的设定模式！除非你有 X-Window 在执行，否则没有办法使用这种模式； make menuconfig ：这种模式有点像是文字界面的选单模式，较为简便，而且可以在纯文字界面下面执行编辑动作！是目前最常使用的模式。
开始设定： 底下的设定项目非常的多，其中，如果您使用的是比 2.4.18 还要新的版本时，那么有可能会出现更多的选项！如果不确定选项的内容是什么？请千万以 Help 进入看一下该项目的设定值，如果还是不清楚怎么办？那么就直接以 Kernel 的预设值保留即可！我在底下的设定中，仅列出个人认为比较重要的项目，其他的项目您就得自己看一下罗?其实，基本上，只要底下这些项目您都了解之後，那么核心编译大抵上就没有很严重的困扰罗！ [root @test linux]# make mrproper <==去除 .o 的编译过的档案 [root @test linux]# make menuconfig <==以文字选单的模式进行编译！ 底下开始编译！ Code maturity level options ---> <==关於核心测试功能的 code 开启项目； [ ] Prompt for development and/or incomplete code/drivers <==因为我们没有要研发核心，所以不选 Loadable module support ---> <==这个就是我们之前说的『模组』啦！ [*] Enable loadable module support <==让核心可以载入模组项目（必选） [ ] Set version information on all module symbols <==这个除非你要使用旧版本的资料，通常不选！ [*] Kernel module loader <==也是必选啦！ Processor type and features ---> <==选择 CPU 的型号项目 (Pentium-MMX) Processor family <==请依照您的实际情况选择您的 CPU 型号 < > Toshiba Laptop support <==底下这两个有使用到（笔记型电脑）才选择！ < > Dell laptop support /dev/cpu/microcode - Intel IA32 CPU microcode support <==如果是使用 Intel 的，可以编译成模组 /dev/cpu/*/msr - Model-specific register support <==如果是使用 Intel 的，可以编译成模组 /dev/cpu/*/cpuid - CPU information support <==如果是使用 Intel 的，可以编译成模组 (off) High Memory Support <==这个东西跟你的 RAM 有关系，RAM小於 1 GB 则使用 off 即可 [ ] Math emulation <==是否需要数值模拟？当然不需要！我们的 CPU 都够强了！ [ ] MTRR (Memory Type Range Register) support <==P6 (PII等级以上) 并且要跑 X-Window 才加上吧,与 AGP 有关 [ ] Symmetric multi-processing support <==如果是双 CPU 的主机板才选择！否则就不要选了！ [*] Local APIC support on uniprocessors (NEW) <==如果你的 CPU 有支援 APIC 则选择！通常可以选择起来啦！ [*] IO-APIC support on uniprocessors <==跟上面的理由一致！选择起来吧！ General setup ---> <==一般设定部分 [*] Networking support <==底下四个一定要选，跟基本的硬体装置有关！ [*] PCI support (Any) PCI access mode [*] PCI device name database [ ] EISA support <==底下这两个则与主机板上面的插槽有关！除非笔记型，否则不选 [ ] MCA support [*] Support for hot-pluggable devices <==有点类似随插即用吧！可以选择呦！ PCMCIA/CardBus support ---> < > PCMCIA/CardBus support <==因为我没有笔记型，所以不选，若为笔记型电脑，请选择！ PCI Hotplug Support ---> [*] System V IPC <==底下这三个东西对於效能都不错！可以选择呦！ [*] BSD Process Accounting [*] Sysctl support (ELF) Kernel core (/proc/kcore) format <==底下这几个东西可以编译成模组啦！但是我直接编到核心罗！ <*> Kernel support for a.out binaries <*> Kernel support for ELF binaries <*> Kernel support for MISC binari [*] Power Management support < > Advanced Power Management BIOS support <==如果你想要你的 BIOS 接管电源管理，可以选择！我是不选的啦！ Memory Technology Devices (MTD) ---> < > Memory Technology Device (MTD) support <==没必要就不要选吧！ Parallel port support ---> < > Parallel port support <==由於我的主机上面并没有接印表机，所以没选！如果你有印表机的话，一定要选择 Plug and Play configuration ---> <*> Plug and Play support <==底下两个随插即用！ 马上勾选！ <*> ISA Plug and Play support Block devices ---> <==一些比较冷门的储存机器！如果不确定的话，直接编译成模组吧！没关系的！ <*> Normal PC floppy disk support < > XT hard disk support < > Compaq SMART2 support < > Compaq Smart Array 5xxx support < > Mylex DAC960/DAC1100 PCI RAID Controller support < > Loopback device support < > Network block device support < > RAM disk support Multi-device support (RAID and LVM) ---> [ ] Multiple devices driver support (RAID and LVM) <==除非要完 RAID （磁碟阵列）与 LVM ，否则不用选！ Networking options ---> <==这一部份是最重要的除非特别强调，否则能编成模组就编成模组！ <*> Packet socket [*] Packet socket: mmapped IO Netlink device emulation (NEW) [*] Network packet filtering (replaces ipchains) [ ] Network packet filtering debugging (NEW) [*] Socket Filtering <*> Unix domain sockets [*] TCP/IP networking [*] IP: multicasting [*] IP: advanced router [*] IP: policy routing (NEW) [*] IP: use netfilter MARK value as routing key (NEW) [*] IP: fast network address translation (NEW) [*] IP: equal cost multipath (NEW) [*] IP: use TOS value as routing key (NEW) [*] IP: verbose route monitoring (NEW) [ ] IP: large routing tables (NEW) [*] IP: kernel level autoconfiguration [*] IP: DHCP support (NEW) [*] IP: BOOTP support (NEW) [*] IP: RARP support (NEW) IP: tunneling IP: GRE tunnels over IP [*] IP: broadcast GRE over IP (NEW) [*] IP: multicast routing [*] IP: PIM-SM version 1 support (NEW) [*] IP: PIM-SM version 2 support (NEW) [*] IP: TCP Explicit Congestion Notification support [*] IP: TCP syncookie support (disabled per default) IP: Netfilter Configuration ---> <==这就是防火墙机制里头的 iptables 啦！都编成模组！ Connection tracking (required for masq/NAT) (NEW) FTP protocol support (NEW) IRC protocol support (NEW) IP tables support (required for filtering/masq/NAT) (NEW) limit match support (NEW) MAC address match support (NEW) netfilter MARK match support (NEW) Multiple port match support (NEW) TOS match support (NEW) AH/ESP match support (NEW) LENGTH match support (NEW) TTL match support (NEW) tcpmss match support (NEW) Connection state match support (NEW) Packet filtering (NEW) REJECT target support (NEW) Full NAT (NEW) MASQUERADE target support (NEW) REDIRECT target support (NEW) Packet mangling (NEW) TOS target support (NEW) MARK target support (NEW) LOG target support (NEW) TCPMSS target support (NEW) ipchains (2.2-style) support (NEW) ipfwadm (2.0-style) support (NEW) The IPX protocol [ ] IPX: Full internal IPX network (NEW) < > Appletalk protocol support < > DECnet Support < > 802.1d Ethernet Bridging QoS and/or fair queueing ---> [ ] QoS and/or fair queueing Telephony Support ---> <==这东西我也不知道怎么玩～～ < > Linux telephony support ATA/IDE/MFM/RLL support ---> <==储存界面的选择！当然 IDE 一定要选的啦！！ 里面如果有看到属於您的晶片组，请记得将他选择起来！例如如果使用 VIA 的晶片组，那么最後一项VIA82CXXX chipset support就一定要选择起来呢！如果你是跟 VBird 一样，使用较老旧的主机板，那么就用系统预设值也就可以了！ <*> ATA/IDE/MFM/RLL support IDE, ATA and ATAPI Block devices ---> <*> Enhanced IDE/MFM/RLL disk/cdrom/tape/floppy support <*> Include IDE/ATA-2 DISK support [*] Use multi-mode by default <*> Include IDE/ATAPI CDROM support ---- IDE chipset support/bugfixes [*] CMD640 chipset bugfix/support [*] RZ1000 chipset bugfix/support [*] Generic PCI IDE chipset support [*] Sharing PCI IDE interrupts support [*] Generic PCI bus-master DMA support [*] Use PCI DMA by default when available [*] Intel PIIXn chipsets supportt [*] PIIXn Tuning supportt SCSI support ---> <==我的旧机器上并没有安装 SCSI 卡！我确定我不会使用到 SCSI ，但是如果你可能会安装的话，请编译！ < > SCSI support Fusion MPT device support ---> I2O device support ---> < > I2O support Network device support ---> <==仔细的将你的网路设备编译进来吧！这个也很重要的！ [*] Network device support <*> Dummy net driver support <==这个一定要装！但是请注意！如果你之前已经使用了 MRTG 了！这个装完之後 MRTG 要重跑一次！ Bonding driver support EQL (serial line load balancing) support Universal TUN/TAP device driver support General Instruments Surfboard 1000 Ethernet (10 or 100Mbit) ---> <==这里面有相当多的卡，我只列出我要的卡而已！请选择你自己的网路卡呦！ [*] Ethernet (10 or 100Mbit) [*] EISA, VLB, PCI and on board controllers <*> EtherExpressPro/100 support RealTek RTL-8139 PCI Fast Ethernet Adapter support [*] Use PIO instead of MMIO [*] Support for older RTL-8129/8130 boards VIA Rhine support <==这就是传说中的 D-Link 530 那块卡的驱动程式啦！ <*> PPP (point-to-point protocol) support <==这个一定要编进核心！不然就无法使用 ADSL 的 rp-pppoe 拨接罗！ [*] PPP filtering (NEW) PPP support for async serial ports (NEW) PPP support for sync tty ports (NEW) PPP Deflate compression (NEW) PPP BSD-Compress compression (NEW) PPP over ATM (EXPERIMENTAL) (NEW) Amateur Radio support ---> <==底下这四个应该不需要安装吧！？ IrDA (infrared) support ---> ISDN subsystem ---> Old CD-ROM drivers (not SCSI, not IDE) ---> Input core support ---> <==这个也编成模组就好罗！ Input core support Keyboard support Mouse support (1024) Horizontal screen resolution (NEW) (768) Vertical screen resolution (NEW) Joystick support Event interface support Character devices ---> <==周边设备的选项！最重要的地方在 AGP 的设定项目！因为我没有 AGP 所以没有设定！ [*] Virtual terminal [*] Support for console on virtual terminal <*> Standard/generic (8250/16550 and compatible UARTs) serial support [*] Unix98 PTY support Mouse Support (not serial and bus mice) [*] PS/2 mouse (aka "auxiliary device") support < > /dev/agpgart (AGP Support) <==这个相当的重要！就是 AGP 显示卡的支援核心！请选择（若你有 AGP 的话！） [ ] Intel 440LX/BX/GX and I815/I830M/I840/I850 support <==下面的选项要上面的打勾之後才会出现！ [ ] Intel I810/I815/I830M (on-board) support 请特别留意选择你的适合的主机板晶片组呢！ [ ] VIA chipset support [ ] AMD Irongate, 761, and 762 support [ ] Generic SiS support [ ] ALI chipset support [ ] Serverworks LE/HE support [ ] Direct Rendering Manager (XFree86 DRI support) [ ] Build drivers for old (XFree 4.0) DRM (NEW) --- DRM 4.1 drivers < > 3dfx Banshee/Voodoo3+ < > ATI Rage 128 < > ATI Radeon < > Intel I810 < > Matrox g200/g400 < > SiS (NEW) [ ] Direct Rendering Manager (XFree86 DRI support) Multimedia devices ---> File systems ---> <==底下的选项主要在提供核心支援的档案格式！相当的重要！如果忘记编入的话，系统可是会读不到东西！ [*] Quota support <==没有他！ Quota 就无法起来！请选择呦！ Kernel automounter support <*> Kernel automounter version 4 support (also supports v3) Ext3 journalling file system support (EXPERIMENTAL) DOS FAT fs supportt MSDOS fs supportt UMSDOS: Unix-like file system on top of standard MSDOS fss VFAT (Windows-95) fs supportt Compressed ROM file system support [*] Virtual memory file system support (former shm fs) <*> ISO 9660 CDROM file system support <==在 Red Hat 7.2 这里就是被编成模组了！才需要每次载入！ [*] Microsoft Joliet CDROM extensionss Minix fs support NTFS file system support (read only) [*] /proc file system support [*] /dev/pts file system for Unix98 PTYs <*> Second extended fs support System V/Xenix/V7/Coherent file system support Network File Systems ---> Coda file system support (advanced network fs) <*> NFS file system support <==NFS 也是需要的呦！ SMB file system support (to mount Windows shares etc.) <==网芳总是需要的吧！ [*] Use a default NLS (NEW) Default Remote NLS Option: "cp950" (NEW) <==支援中文的语系！ Partition Types ---> Native Language Support ---> <==除了底下说的几个 * 的之外，其他的全部都编译成为模组！（以备不时之需！） Default NLS Option: "iso8859-1" (NEW) <*> Traditional Chinese charset (Big5) (NEW) <*> NLS ISO 8859-1 (Latin 1; Western European Languages) (NEW) for others Console drivers ---> [*] VGA text console Sound ---> < > Sound card support <==你有音效卡吗？那就编译他吧！ USB support ---> Support for USB Kernel hacking --->
好了！编译完成之後选择『Save Configuration to an Alternate File』然後写成一个你喜欢的档名，这个档案内容就是你刚刚编译完成的资料啦！然後选择 之後，再储存一次到系统当中！接著下来就准备要编译罗！（完）计算机基础教程网
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